Tesla Model 3, Cybertruck hackable via network

• Attack Vector - IMSI Catching: Exploits the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) authentication mechanism used by cellular networks. Every network subscriber receives a unique IMSI number for identification and authentication. While Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identities typically mask IMSI numbers during normal operation, they become exposed during device initialization or network reattachment, creating exploitation windows[1]
• Wireless System Architecture: Tesla vehicles integrate multiple wireless technologies including cellular modems, Wi-Fi modems for continuous connectivity, GPS for navigation, Bluetooth antennas for phone connectivity, and V2X (vehicle-to-everything) technologies supporting safety features[1]
• Communication Impact: Successful exploitation does not necessarily grant remote vehicle control but can disrupt backend communications with Tesla servers and compromise user privacy[1]
• SMS and Emergency Services Vulnerabilities: Attackers can leverage SMS systems and emergency services channels to conduct spam campaigns, deploy fake alerts, and execute denial of service attacks[1]
• Hardware Component Suppliers: The cellular modem stack vulnerabilities stem from third-party suppliers Qualcomm and Quectel, indicating that security weaknesses may not be isolated to Tesla's software architecture but embedded in foundational hardware components[1]

This research underscores critical cybersecurity challenges for the automotive industry as vehicles become increasingly connected. The vulnerabilities identified in Tesla's flagship models suggest that all modern connected vehicles face similar risks from wireless system exploitation. The involvement of third-party component suppliers (Qualcomm and Quectel) indicates that security improvements may require industry-wide coordination across hardware manufacturers, not just individual automakers. As vehicles integrate more V2X technologies for autonomous driving and safety features, the attack surface expands significantly. This research may accelerate regulatory scrutiny of connected vehicle security standards and prompt manufacturers to implement more robust authentication mechanisms and network isolation protocols. The findings also highlight the need for ongoing security research and responsible disclosure practices as the automotive industry transitions toward autonomous and connected vehicle ecosystems.